D. an external locus of control, Learning about immune neglect, which statement applies to how most people respond to failing an exam? C. they move on and try to do better Your mind races to determine whether to make an internal attribution ("Is this guy just crazy?") Sociology is interested in how the group behaves and how groups interact with each other and society. Most psychology research has used middle-class White American respondents. D. stress their individual accomplishments and uniqueness, D. stress their individual accomplishments and uniqueness, Goel et al. the tendency to underestimate the extent to which others possess the same beliefs and attributes as oneself or engage in the same behaviors, particularly when these characteristics or behaviors are positive or socially desirable. D. the defensive pessimism. The first 19 flips are all heads. The three factors that impact conformity are unanimity of the group, mode of responding, and status of group members. Argh!" You would be correct in speculating that she likely has _______ feelings of self-efficacy. the false uniqueness effect. B. low self-esteem C. internal locus of control C. we can overcome anything answer choices True False Question 4 120 seconds Q. A. self-reference C. spotlight effect She therefore has a(n) _______ locus of control. How would you frame the issue here? C. high self-efficacy The opposite of a cognitive miser would be someone who. D. an external locus of control, When you give a presentation in class and feel extremely nervous you will tend to Which of the following might be the headline of the article? T/F The self-serving bias refers to people's tendency to think that others are more similar to them than they really are when it comes to their faults and weaknesses. She loves to read, surf the web, hike, go camping, and cook vegetarian meals. Knowing what you do about individualism and collectivism, you can conclude that your neighbor is likely to be a political: D. remains constant. By choosing (b), however, most people are committing, As a child, the Russian writer Leo Tolstoy was once challenged by his older brother to remain standing in a corner until he could stop thinking of a white bear. The attribution theorist Harold Kelley proposed that people make use of three types of information when they make attributions for others' behaviors. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1. D. the brain stem, Giving priority to one's own goals over group goals, and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications is the definition of: A. specific; truthful In other words, you have a __________ for what needs to be done at restaurants. FALSE-UNIQUENESS EFFECT. D. the looking-glass self, The best way to improve your performance in class is to be _____ in the praise and _____ about your ability and performance. Because our central aim was to It appears that people with this kind of brain damage, Research on the brain sizes of humans and other animals shows that. A. collective narcissism B. feared self by oboealchemist@yahoo.com, C. defensive pessimism characteristics and abilities. B. social comparison B. view everyone as relatively average Working out daily will help you maintain good health. C. the tendency to see our talents and moral behaviors as relatively unusual The group leader is hoping people will adopt a(n) _______ locus of control. Polina is 3 years old. D. emotions, Which of the following is false? Vocab Level E Unit 5 - Flashcards Get access to high-quality and unique 50 000 college essay examples and more than 100 000 flashcards and test answers from around the world!. They forget that there is a difference between the level of knowledge they have on the topic compared to . Please select the correct language below. B. the unrealistic optimism about future life events This student is the only Hispanic person she has ever known. After that meeting, Elenita decides that Hispanics in general must be independent and outspoken. Research indicates that people are especially likely to engage in the false consensus effect when it comes to __________, and especially likely to engage in the false uniqueness effect when it comes to __________. The teacher is probably trying to. You have no idea how old he is. B. small, non-competitive university The more Hilder thinks about the fact that she cannot eat such foods, however, the more desperately she begins to crave them. This thought is an example of, The tendency for people to overestimate the link between variables that are related only slightly or not at all is known as, Within the field of social cognition, scripts can be thought of as, A well-known test used in psychological research plays on the distinction between automatic and controlled processing. D. individualism, Baumeister (2003) reported that people who engaged in sexual activity at an early age, teen gang leaders, terrorists, and men in prison for committing violent crimes tend to possess: D. more aggressive, When asked "Who are you?" The tendency for people to overestimate the link between variables that are related only slightly or not at all is known as the conjunction fallacy. humans have the largest area of cortex proportionate to their body size than any other animal. 10/17/2017. D. self-serving bias. A. failure and distance ourselves from success C. self-esteem mate, we observe the false consensus effect. Add to folder Juanita's answer describes her: How does the "foot-in-the-door" compliance technique work? One of his disciples makes an internal attribution for the fall. C. self-worth Research demonstrates that, in counterfactual thinking, people engage in far more __________ than __________. Because most people are cognitive misers, they tend to __________ as little as possible. A gain-framed appeal focuses on framing something in terms. In part 2, be sure to explain how this example matches the effect you have chosen. A. the anticipation of problems to motive effective action. A. self-esteem This also makes you think about all of the fun and crazy things you did on your trip. B. low self-control Chloe dyes her hair blue and goes to school. the difference between automatic and controlled thinking. D. undecided, _______ is defined as the beliefs about the self that organize and guide the processing of self-relevant information. A. strong That is, you might __________ and rely on the __________. It appears that, in making these kinds of interpretations, such people were actually making, The fundamental attribution error is sometimes also known as. Yogurt that is "low fat" can be described as "95% fat free" or as "5% fatty." B. the unrealistic optimism about future life events The Astroten study demonstrated the difference between what we think we will do and what we actually do in a given situation. C. self-schema Confucius just fell down a flight of stairs. D. knowing others better than we know ourselves, In what type of culture would a threat to our personal identity (such as having someone tell us we are dumb or weird) cause us to be more upset than a threat to our collective identity (such as having someone ridicule students)? Which of the following is most likely to trigger a false uniqueness effect in your thinking? . Introducing Cram Folders! D. self-serving bias, Studies of "affective forecasting" required participants to predict their future: While it might well be the case that the reading program actually negatively impacted the students' reading ability, Mr. Yipol would be wise to consider that the decrease could be due to __________. If you think a person is uncooperative, you may act in an uncooperative way in your interactions with the person. Her last relationship ended after 6 months and she is strongly motivated to make this relationship last longer. This is because many of them were extremely poor, did not own cars or phones, and did not have friends or family nearby; it was virtually impossible for them to evacuate the hurricane area when they heard the hurricane warnings. How does the status of group members impact conformity? B. external D. self-presentation, Who is MOST likely to have an independent sense of self? the false uniqueness effect is quizlet dr thomas horn wikipedia. Think of it like this. -overestimate the degree to which others share their attitudes and opinions. characteristics and abilities. Social psychology is the study of people in a group. Jules and Jim are reading a book review about a book that both of them have read. Benjamin would likely receive a high score on a scale measuring: Letha has just met her first Mormon missionary. B. family situation More conformity is observed from a person that is of lesser status than the other group members. But Mr. Y thinks that George W. only became president because he was "in the right place at the right time," and had good luck. B. conservative Whenever Yael thinks about bad things happening to her ex-boyfriend, she gets "creeped out;" she feels like she will actually make bad things happen to him just by thinking about it. D. other-centered, Jill just began a new relationship with Pete. Encouraging people to rely more on their memories. This shows our desire to gain the approval of and to avoid the disapproval of other people. Research Strategies and Methodology: 6%. False; State True or False: ANCOVA is often used to test the null hypothesis of no intervention effect in the context of an impact evaluation using pretest-post test control-group design with a continuous dependent variable. D. an internal locus of control, Carmen was assigned a term paper at the start of her Social Psychology class. participants made the fundamental attribution error for both types of essays. When people make the fundamental attribution error about entire groups of people (as opposed to individuals), psychologists say that they are making the ultimate attribution error. Which of the following best describes Jack's behavior? B. disparaging oneself (false modesty) to elicit reassurance A. people in individualistic countries persist more when they are succeeding If we persist despite initial failures: This cognitive bias tells us that our "sense" is common sense and that differing opinions are "abnormal.". D. low self-efficacy, The sense of hopelessness and resignation learned when a human or animal perceives no control over repeated negative events is called: The false consensus effect is the phenomenon and tendency to overestimate the degree to which other people will agree with you, think like you, and behave like you. B. social surroundings affect our self-awareness. When asked whether it is more likely that Ingrid is (a) a teacher, or (b) both politically liberal and a teacher, most people answer (b). )names which are in all cases written in "non-matching" colors of ink (e.g., the word "green" might be written in red ink, while the word "red" might be written in yellow ink)and to identify, as quickly as possible, the color in which each word is written. Within the field of social cognition, the term "priming" refers to, Montana and Sarah are playing cards. D. explicit, An example of how social comparisons can actually breed misery, rather than satisfaction, is when we; B. experience great difficulty. For example: Thinking that other people share your opinion on controversial topics; Overestimating the number of people who are similar to you; Why? Ingrid is highly educated, nerdy, and outspoken. C. self-centered B. low self-esteem Yet Joe persists in his belief that people from "up north" are snobby. B. external b. The false consensus effect is the tendency to overestimate the commonality of one's opinions and unsuccessful behaviors. C. independent Attribution is the process by which people explain their own behavior and the behavior of others. Most people with high self-esteem value individual achievement and relationships with others. It could apply to opinions, values, beliefs or behaviours . A. anger B. collectivism The essay was always about Castro, but it was either pro-Castro or anti-Castro. D. social identity, Blaming the tree for getting in your way after you crashed the car is an example of: With prices like that, we're bound to have a delicious meal!" B. low; low A) approval; knowledge B) knowledge; approval C) compliance; conformity D) conformity; compliance, Some critics of Milgram's study, such as Haslam and his colleagues, have suggested that the behavior of the participants can be . Examples of false consensus effect include believing that all people think that saving the environment is important because you feel that way, believing that all of your married friends must want to have children, because you believe that the only benefit of marriage is procreation, believing that all of your friends a. Agreeing to a request is to _____ as obeying a command . How does the mode of responding impact conformity? C. the right hemisphere D. 80%; 60%. Coin tossing is a guessing game or by luck to see which comes up, heads or ta Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards; Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card; audio not yet available for this language. B. unrealistic optimism. This bias is often measured by looking at the difference between estimates that people make about how many of their peers share a certain trait or behaviour and the actual . Please sign in to share these flashcards. Believing that other people think and act the same way we do can be beneficial to our self-esteem. Festinger's cognitive dissonance theory proposes that people change their attitudes to reduce the cognitive discomfort created by inconsistencies between their attitudes and their behavior. Social psychologists use the term __________ to refer to activating a concept in mind. A. the intensity Wilson and Gilbert (2003) referred to this phenomenon as: The state of a "dual attitude system" exists when we have differing _______ and _______ attitudes. However, researchers have also found that. C. moderately -interrupt the experimenter to get instructions. D. traditionalists; progressives, When it comes to predicting the intensity and duration of our future emotions, research indicates that most people: Giving priority to the goals of one's group, such as one's family or workplace, and defining one's identity accordingly is called: When we accommodate and adjust to personal injuries, romantic breakups, and exam failures, we cope more readily than we would expect. What is the difference between internal attribution and external attribution? It is sometimes argued that excess cash held by a firm can aggravate agency problems (as discussed before) and, more generally, reduce incentives for shareholder wealth maximization. C. focused on having positive relationships In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, many people were stranded without access to food, shelter, or other resources. C. large, selective university One of your professors has apparently just lost his job. This common misconception stems most directly from, People who think they have a hot hand after winning five poker hands in a row tend to think that. Given the research on cognitive errors and biases, it can be concluded that. B. success and distance ourselves from failure. C. the self-deprecating bias Joe takes on his sister's view that all people from "up north" are snobs. B. no different from those that have only high self-esteem Suppose that you have a certain idea about what a tropical island should be like: It should be a tourist destination, have palm trees, enjoy a warm climate, and contain plenty of bars that serve cocktails with paper umbrellas. D. no different about their speech, B. better about their speech and appearance, Which of the following is FALSE? C. hoped-for possible selves; feared possible selves This is known as: The so-called illusory correlation can MOST directly help explain. redirect attention away from the unpleasant thought. Paul commutes to and from work each day. This study explored the cultural differences in the false consensus effect (FCE) between Koreans and European Americans. True b. B. more negatively Both are a direct request. D. eventual self, According to Schwartz (2000; 2004), individualistic modern cultures have "an excess of freedom," which is positively correlated with: 8% of girls born in the United States in 2010 received one of the 10 most common names These shortcuts are known as. A. strong Giving priority to one's own goals over group goals, and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications is the definition of: B. better about their speech and appearance B. This is MOST directly related to, Raquel buys stock in two different companies. A. personality Population. The fact that men and women report having had very different numbers of sex partners can be almost completely explained by the fact that men have engaged in more homosexual sex. Find out how you can intelligently organize your Flashcards. B. education D. either excel or fail, depending on the situation, Mark knows that he is an excellent liar but he doesn't feel very good about himself in general. Why is it that when we try not to think of something, we end up imagining exactly that? The false uniqueness effect occurs when. C. the tendency to underestimate the commonality of one's abilities. Mr. X thinks that George W. Bush became president of the U.S. becauseeven though he is not that brilliant or talentedhe made a real effort to campaign well in both 2000 and 2004. the false uniqueness effect. people who share one's most prized. take credit for their successes but deny blame for their failures. When confronted with his behavior he argues "Well, half the drivers in that lane are alone too." You have just spent the afternoon volunteering in the post-anesthesia recovery unit at the local hospital, helping patients with a variety of ailments. On the day they arrive at his home to meet him, he greets them in ripped sweat pants and a stained T-shirt. A. transparency effect Barbara was really shocked when her candidate was not elected. D. self-value, What differentiates a narcissist from someone high in self-esteem? It would not be surprising if people overestimated the likelihood for celebrity marriages to end in divorce, since celebrity divorces tend to be highly publicized (while happy celebrity marriages do not as easily make front page news). D. learned helplessness, Our self-concept is fed by our roles, our social identity, our comparisons, and by: the false uniqueness effect. After answering all the other questions, he goes back to 31 and starts to believe that perhaps C was the right answer. What is the difference between compliance and obedience? False Uniqueness Effect: The tendency to underestimate the commonality of one's abilities and one's desirable or successful behaviors: Group-Serving Bias: Explaining away outgroup members' positive behaviors; also attributing negative behaviors to their dispositions (while excusing such behavior by one's own group . In other words. ", In theory, it would be possible for a child to have a script of. D. we can't explain that bad things happen to good people, A. effort and fewer self doubts will help us succeed, A sense that one is competent and effective refers to one's: Psychologists have often attributed the false-consensus effect to a desire to view one's thoughts as appropriate, normal, and correct, and a plethora of experimental evidence has supported the phenomenon. 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